Conditional statements are used to run units of code according to specific conditions.
if (something is true) {
then this line of code happens;
} else {
if not true then this line of code happens;
}
Notice how the curly brackets surround the statement instead of being within the statement. In these cases, the curly brackets do not need a semicolon at the end. They are being used to contain the statements. The interpreter knows to look for the closing curly bracket after the type of unit is recognized, so a semicolon at the end is not necessary for a conditional statement.
Loops are conditional statements that repeat a unit of code a conditional number of times.
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
console.log(i);
}
More on loops later.